This study aimed to compare the efficacy of ischemic compression and two different application methods of high power pain threshold ultrasound techniques on latent trigger point treatment. Asymptomatic subjects divided into three groups. First group took high power pain threshold ultrasound in which the intensity is kept constant at the pain level; second group took high power pain threshold ultrasound which the intensity is kept constant at half the pain level and third group took ischemic compression. All participants were asked to complete the questionnaires, which assessed pain, psychological factors and disability before treatment, after 1 week and 1 month follow-up. After each participants completed the questionnaire, the physical therapist evaluated the MTrPs. MTrPs assessment was performed before treatment, immediately after treatment, after 1 week and 1 month follow-up.
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Pain intensity
Timeframe: Pain intensity was measured using visual analog scale (VAS) before the treatment (0-10 numeric pain rating scale, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 severe pain)
Beck Depression Inventory
Timeframe: Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before the treatment. BDI comprises 21 items, each of which is rated between 0 and 3 on a 4-point Likert Scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 63 points.
Neck Pain and Disability Scale
Timeframe: Disability was evaluated by Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) before the treatment. The scale progresses from 0 to 5, increasing the limitation. the total NPAD score, which ranges from 0 to 100 points.
Myofascial trigger points assessment
Timeframe: The MTrPs assesment was made with palpation by the physical therapist. The therapist used an algometer. The number of MTrPs and pain pressure threshold values were evaluated before treatment. PPT is a safe outcome measure to evaluate pain sensitivity.
Myofascial trigger points assessment
Timeframe: The MTrPs assesment was made with palpation by the physical therapist. The therapist used an algometer. The number of MTrPs and pain pressure threshold values were evaluated immediately after the treatment.
Pain intensity
Timeframe: Pain intensity was measured using visual analog scale (VAS) at one week after the treatment (0-10 numeric pain rating scale, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 severe pain)
Beck Depression Inventory
Timeframe: Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at one week after the treatment. BDI comprises 21 items, each of which is rated between 0 and 3 on a 4-point Likert Scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 63 points.
Neck Pain and Disability Scale
Timeframe: Disability was evaluated by Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) at one week after the treatment. The scale progresses from 0 to 5, increasing the limitation. the total NPAD score, which ranges from 0 to 100 points.
Myofascial trigger points assessment
Timeframe: The MTrPs assesment was made with palpation by the physical therapist. The therapist used an algometer. Pain pressure threshold values were evaluated at one week after the treatment.
Pain intensity
Timeframe: Pain intensity was measured using visual analog scale (VAS) at one month after the treatment (0-10 numeric pain rating scale, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 severe pain)
Beck Depression Inventory
Timeframe: Depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at one month after the treatment. BDI comprises 21 items, each of which is rated between 0 and 3 on a 4-point Likert Scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 63 points.
Neck Pain and Disability Scale
Timeframe: Disability was evaluated by Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPAD) at one month after the treatment. The scale progresses from 0 to 5, increasing the limitation. the total NPAD score, which ranges from 0 to 100 points.
Myofascial trigger points assessment
Timeframe: The MTrPs assesment was made with palpation by the physical therapist. The therapist used an algometer. Pain pressure threshold values were evaluated at one month after the treatment.