Combined Effects of Manual Therapy on the Shoulder

Inclusion Criteria: * loss of IR of 15 degrees of greater compared to contralateral shoulder Exclusion Criteria: * currently neck/upper back pain, * history of spinal fractures, * numbness/altered sensation of the arms or legs, * whiplash injury within the prior 6 weeks, * infections of the spine, * currently pregnant/possibly pregnant, * known osteoporosis, * Rheumatoid arthritis, * previous spine surgery, * currently receiving Workman's Compensation, * any pending litigation regarding a neck or shoulder injury, * history of oral corticosteroids in the prior 6 months, * history of shoulder fractures, * Current treatment for cancer, * Prior history of cancer involving the spine/shoulder, * any history of coagulation disorders. * Individuals with a history of shoulder surgery will reviewed on a case by case basis.