Epidural and Dorsal Root Stimulation in Humans With Spinal Cord Injury

Inclusion Criteria: * Spinal cord injury due to trauma located at or above the tenth thoracic vertebrae * American Spinal Injury Association grading scale of A, B, C, or D * Intact spinal reflexes below the level of SCI * SCI must have occurred at least 1 year prior to study enrollment * At least 22 years of age * If female, must be willing to use medically-acceptable method of contraception during study participation Exclusion Criteria: * Currently a prison inmate, or awaiting trial, related to criminal activity * Pregnancy at the time of screening for trial enrollment * Active, untreated urinary tract infection * Unhealed decubitus ulcer * Unhealed skeletal fracture * Spinal abnormality that may impede percutaneous implantation of spinal electrodes * Untreated clinical diagnosis of psychiatric disorder * Joint contractures that impede typical range of motion * Non-MRI-compatible implanted medical devices * Other implanted stimulation devices (e.g. deep brain stimulator, cardiac pacemaker, diaphragmatic pacer, etc.) * Undergoing, or planning to undergo, diathermy treatment * Active participation in an interventional clinical trial * History of clinically-diagnosed cardiopulmonary disorder, such as severe orthostatic hypotension, which may impede participation in rehabilitation activities such as changes in body position such as supine-to-sit-to-stand activities, prolonged standing, or stepping * History of frequent and/or severe autonomic dysreflexia * History of seizure …