To compare the effects of volume-oriented versus flow-oriented incentive spirometry on pulmonary function tests and functional capacity in patients of upper abdominal laparoscopic surgery. Previous studies were designed to target only spirometer without focusing on its different types and their effects. This study covers the research gap and therefore is designed to observe effects of different types of spirometer on pulmonary function of patients undergoing upper abdominal laparoscopic surgery.
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Functional Capacity
Timeframe: 2 days
Total Lung Capacity
Timeframe: 2 days
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
Timeframe: 2 days
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Timeframe: 2 days
FEV1/FVC ratio
Timeframe: 2 days