Endodontic Management of Primary Molars

Inclusion Criteria: * Selected to be preserved after an orthodontic consultation * Absence of permanent tooth germ under second primary molars * Sensitivity to percussion and palpation, complaints of spontaneous or persistent pain * Presence of irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis, and abscess or fistula, presence of pathological mobility, * Presence of internal and external pathological root resorption * Furcal lesions * Presence of infection exceeding 1/3 of the root * Pathological loss of substantial bone support * Loss of periodontal attachment * Contraindication of traditional root canal treatment Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of any systemic disorder * Presence of any syndrome * A history or suspicion of allergies * Age \<7 years, * Teeth selected to be extracted after an orthodontic consultation * A score of 1(-) or 2(--) according to the Frankl Behavior Scale * Parents who refused treatment, children who refused to receive the intended treatment once it was initiated