The Effects of Using an Interactive Game With Virtual Reality for Children During Intravenous Placement

Inclusion Criteria: * Children ages 6-12. * Children who where clearly conscious. * Children who agreed and were required to receive intravenous injections after physicians' diagnoses. * Children and their primary caregivers who could communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese * Children and their primary caregivers who could read Chinese that agreed to participate in this study and sign written consent forms Exclusion Criteria: * Children with developmental delay, epilepsy, or heart diseases * Children undergoing chemotherapy; children who were visually or hearing impaired * Children who were nearsighted with more than 8.0 diopters or farsighted with 5.0 diopters. * Children who had sustained head trauma in the past month * Children who were confirmed to be obese according to the recommended body mass index values for children and adolescents * Children who required blood transfusions and blood preparation to be performed according to physician diagnoses * Children who received two or more intravenous injections and had their blood drawn only one time