Dry Needling for Spasticity in Stroke

Inclusion Criteria: For adults with no known neurological conditions: * ≥18 years old * no known neurological injuries. For individuals after stroke: * neurologically stable for \>6 months (and \>1 yr post stroke) * medical clearance to participate * unilateral ankle and/or wrist spasticity, confirmed by Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) \> 1 and the presence of spastic hyperreflexia Exclusion Criteria: * motoneuron injury (i.e. the neurons that give rise to the axons innervating the muscles) with inadequate response to stimulation * a cardiac condition ( history of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, pacemaker use, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, uncontrolled hypertension) * a medically unstable condition (including temporary infections and pregnancy) * age \<18 years old * cognitive impairment sufficient to interfere with informed consent or successful completion of the protocol * metal allergies * needle phobias * lymphedema over a limb (due to risk of infection/cellulitis) * abnormal bleeding tendencies * compromised immune system * vascular disease * uncontrolled diabetes * history of epilepsy (as DDN generates strong somatosensory sensation) * anxiety disorders or in distress.