The Use of Triamcinolone Injection in Treatment of Refractory Benign Esophageal Stricture in Children

Inclusion Criteria: * All patients admitted to Assiut University Children Hospital with: * refractory benign esophageal stricture(inability to successfully remediate the anatomic problem to a diameter of at least 14 mm over five sessions at two-week interval) * inability to maintain a satisfactory luminal diameter for four weeks once the target diameter of 14 mm has been achieved Exclusion Criteria: * Pharyngeal stenosis precluding endoscopic examination and dilatation * tracheo-esophageal fistula, * gastric cicatrization that precluded safe placement of aguidewire * any patient who was unfit for general anesthesia.