Exercise Therapy to Improve Cardiovascular Health in Post-Menopausal Women After Treatment for Early Stage Breast Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 21-80 years * Female * Surgically resected early stage (I-III) primary breast cancer * Post-menopausal, defined as one of the following: * Age ≥ 45 with no menses for at least 2 years * Chemically and/or surgically induced menopause through ovarian suppression, as determined by the primary oncologist * Estradiol level of ≤30 pg/mL * An interval of at least one year, but no more than five years, following the full completion of definitive therapy for malignant disease. Definitive therapy is defined as: * Surgery plus radiation * Surgery plus chemotherapy * Surgery plus trastuzumab * Exercise intolerance (i.e., patients must have a VO2peak below the predicted for active age and sex-matched individuals. (+/- the technical error of 1.32 mL/kg/min)\]. Note: Normative values are available up to 80 years of age) * Able to complete an acceptable baseline CPET, in the absence of high-risk ECG findings or other inappropriate response to exercise as determined by the PI, as defined by any of the following criteria: * Achieving a plateau in oxygen consumption, concurrent with an increase in power output; * A respiratory exchange ratio ≥ 1.10; * Attainment of maximal predicted heart rate (HRmax) (i.e., within 10 bpm of age-predicted HRmax \[HRmax = 220-Age\[years\]); * Volitional exhaustion, as measured by a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) ≥ 18 on the BORG scale * Willingness to comply with all study-related procedures. Exclusion Cr…