High flow nasal cannula(HFNC) ventilation can provide such effects as wash-out effect of the carbon dioxide inside the anatomical dead space,some level of continuous airway pressure and humidified oxygen gases. Therefore because of its physiological benefits, it has been reported that HFNC can reduce "treatment failure" after extubation in pediatric patients like preterm babies,or infants who suffer from bronchitis. However there is no evidence showing that HFNC can reduce "treatment failure" after extubation in pediatric patients after cardiothoracic surgery. This multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving pediatric patients after cardiothoracic surgery will be conducted to determine whether HFNC,compared with conventional oxygen therapy,after extubation can reduce the rate of"escalation of care due to treatment failure".
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the rate of"escalation of care due to treatment failure" within 72 hours after extubation
Timeframe: Final outcome measure is assessed when total patients have been recruited.Outcome measure is assessed within 72 hours after extubation.