Based on data from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result Program (SEER), the rates of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) have risen 202% since 2009. In spite of the increasing popularity of IRMA, limited research has been done to identify complications in patients undergoing these procedures. Of particular importance is to assess the effects of combining the procedure with radiotherapy, and undergoing a one- versus two-step surgical procedure. Active monitoring and periodic assessment of IRMA patients are needed to establish the safety of these different techniques in terms of complications and recurrence rates. Identifying an optimal strategy for IRMA may lead to the development of clinical guidelines, which are currently lacking.
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Rate of nipple-areola complex (NAC) or skin flap necrosis requiring specific treatment/surgery
Timeframe: Three years after surgery
Rate of infection requiring surgery
Timeframe: Three years after surgery
Grade of surgical complications
Timeframe: Three years after surgery