Personalized Normative Feedback (PNF), the most widely-used college alcohol intervention approach, suffers from several limitations innovatively remedied in the current proposal through CampusGANDR, a smartphone-based app for college students that delivers alcohol-related PNF within a weekly game centered around testing first-year students' perceptions about the attitudes and behaviors of their peers in a variety of campus-relevant domains. Five pilot studies suggest that CampusGANDR will be significantly more effective at correcting students' normative misperceptions and reducing their alcohol use than standard PNF, especially among heavier-drinking students and those with greater exposure to alcohol on social media, and that these larger effects are driven by the significantly decreased psychological reactance experienced by students when viewing feedback as part of a game about college life rather than as part of an alcohol-focused program. The current project seeks to 1) evaluate the efficacy of CampusGANDR in a large-scale multi-site trial, 2) identify the optimal dosage of alcohol feedback to deliver within CampusGANDR for correcting norms and reducing alcohol use across 12 weeks of gameplay among non-drinking, moderate-drinking, and heavy-drinking students, 3) examine person-level moderators of these effects, and 4) evaluate CampusGANDR engagement and sustainability among students who play voluntarily but are not involved in the randomized controlled trial.
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Change From Baseline Daily Drinking at 4 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 4 months
Change From Baseline Daily Drinking at 9 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 9 months
Change From Baseline Daily Drinking at 12 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 12 months
Change From Baseline Alcohol Consequences at 4 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 4 months
Change From Baseline Alcohol Consequences at 9 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 9 months
Change From Baseline Alcohol Consequences at 12 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 12 months
Change From Baseline Quantity/Frequency/Peak Alcohol Use at 4 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 4 months
Change From Baseline Quantity/Frequency/Peak Alcohol Use at 9 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 9 months
Change From Baseline Quantity/Frequency/Peak Alcohol Use at 12 Months
Timeframe: baseline, 12 months