The aim of this study was to develop an Indonesian computer-based game prototype that targets the clinical symptoms of ADHD as well as executive function and to investigate effectiveness through fMRI BOLD examination. This was a mix-method study design; the first step was an exploratory qualitative study using focused group discussion. The second step was 'the one group pre- and post-test design study' without any control. Ten primary school children who were drug-naïve and had a diagnosis of ADHD with no other mental or physical disorders participated in the study. Clinical improvement was measured by the CATPRS, BRIEF, and fMRI BOLD examination that focused on DLPFC-Hippocampus functional connectivity before and after 20 sessions of the Indonesian computer-based game prototype training. Data were analyzed using the paired t test and Pearson's correlation in SPSS for Mac version 21, and fMRI BOLD functional analysis was performed using SPM software version 12 and CONN Toolbox version 17. The hypothesis was: the Indonesian computer-based game prototype had an effect towards ADHD clinical symptoms and executive function that correlated with DLPFC-Hippocampus functional connectivity.
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ADHD clinical symtpoms-parent rating
Timeframe: 5 - 10 minutes
ADHD clinical symtpoms-teacher rating. The total lower score lower score is 0 and the higher total score is 30
Timeframe: 5 - 10 minutes
executive function
Timeframe: 15 - 20 minutes
DLPFC-Hippocampus functional connectivity
Timeframe: 20 - 30 minutes