Circuitry Assessment and Reinforcement Training Effects on Recovery

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of PPA or aphasia secondary to stroke and presence of naming deficits with confirmation of diagnosis by neurologist * Capable of giving informed consent or indicating another to provide informed consent * Age 18 or older. * If aphasia is secondary to stroke, the stroke must have occurred between 6 months and 5 years prior to enrollment in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Lack of English proficiency * Not medically stable * Picture naming accuracy above 80% on the Philadelphia Naming Test (PNT) * Prior history of neurologic disease affecting the brain (e.g., brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury) other than stroke or PPA and its underlying neurological pathologies: Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration or Dementia with Lewy bodies * Prior history of severe psychiatric illness, developmental disorders or intellectual disability (e.g., PTSD, major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), autism spectrum disorders) * Uncorrected severe visual loss or hearing loss by self-report and medical records