Spinal anaesthesia has the advantage that produced nerve block by the injection of local anaesthetic into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the greatest challenge in spinal anaesthesia is to control the spread of local anaesthetic through the CSF to provide a block which is adequate for the proposed surgery without unnecessary extensive spread, and increased risk of complications.
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
record and compare changes in ANS function( HRV and PPGA) after spinal anesthesia in different group
Timeframe: maximum for 4 hours