Virtual Reality to Reduce Pre-Operative Anxiety

Inclusion Criteria: * Children who are 10-21 years old * Children who are English speaking (parents may be Spanish English speaking or Spanish speaking) * Children who are scheduled to undergo outpatient surgery are eligible to participate in this project. * Children whose health status is American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III will be recruited for this study. ASA status I refers to patients who are normal and healthy with no known systemic disease. ASA status II refers to patients who have mild or well-controlled systemic diseases, such as non-insulin dependent diabetes, upper respiratory conditions, well-controlled asthma or allergies. * Only children who are in the normal range of development will be recruited for this study. This will be assessed by report from the parents. The rationale for excluding patients with developmental delay is that due to their cognitive impairments, such children react to the stressors of surgery differently than do children without such developmental delay. It is unclear how such children would use the preparation programs and interventions included in this study, and it is likely that their responses on baseline and outcome measures will differ from children of normal developmental parameters. Exclusion Criteria: * Children with health status defined by ASA status IV-V will be excluded from this study. ASA status IV refers to patients with an incapacitating systemic disease that is a constant threat to life. AS…