Neurodevelopmental impairment due to delayed brain development and brain injury is a fundamental problem in children with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Significant longterm motor-, cognitive-, and behavioral problems are the result of early postnatally and perioperatively induced brain injury. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, prevents the formation of toxic free oxygen radicals, thereby limiting hypoxia-reperfusion damage. Both animal and neonatal studies suggest that administration of allopurinol reduces hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, is cardioprotective, and safe. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of allopurinol administered early postnatally and perioperatively in children with a CCHD requiring cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Relevant parenchymatous brain injury on postoperative MRI
Timeframe: between birth and 1 month after cardiac surgery
Rate of children that are considered 'too unstable for postoperative MRI'
Timeframe: between birth and 1 month after cardiac surgery
Incidence of mortality
Timeframe: between birth and 1 month after cardiac surgery