Correlation of NLRP3 With Cognitive Dysfunction Early After Heart Valve Replacement Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients were included if they had an American Society of Anesthesiologists status of II or III and older than 60 years old. Exclusion Criteria: * A preoperative history of liver or kidney dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, or arterial hypertension; * Ischemic cerebrovascular disease; * A history of an acute or evolving myocardial infarction or presentation with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 45%; * Obesity (body mass index 430 kg/m2); * Moderate or severe atherosclerotic lesions in the ascending aorta or carotid artery stenosis confirmed by preoperative ultrasonography * Patients requiring re-exploration after surgery or a total CPB time more than 115 min * Patients requiring highdose pharmacologic support (phenylephrine 4 100 mg bolus, or epinephrine 4 0.1mg/kg/min or both) to maintain hemodynamic stability (mean arterial pressure \[MAP\] more than 60 mmHg)