Women with PCOS comprise a majority of fertility clinic attendees. Unfortunately, a high failure rate following fertility treatment was observed especially in obese women due to implantation failure. The local study on PCOS women has shown significant changes in an endometrial tumor - regulatory genes but not focusing on the endometrial implantation failure. Many previous attempts using human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) infused embryo, gonadotrophin agonist therapy or progesterone support aiming to improve implantation failure in the assisted reproductive technique still unable to enhance pregnancy rate beyond 40% despite a higher' fertilization rate up to 95%. There is still a research gap on what makes obese PCOS women prone to coincides with implantation failure. Endometrial component related to the expression of growth factors play an integral role in establishing cellular context necessary for successful pregnancy. Thus, a new fundamental knowledge on endometrial specific heparin-binding epidermal growth factor expression in the obese PCOS women is vitally important, not only to predict implantation failure but a potential therapy to improve pregnancy outcome.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years – 40 Years
SexFEMALE
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Inclusion criteria
✓. All patients between the aged of 18 to 40 years.
✓. Women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome fulfilling two out of three Rotterdam criteria (ie, oligo- or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound).
✓. Healthy volunteer with confirmed fertility (having at least one child previously), with a normal level of basic reproductive hormones and regular interval of the menstrual cycle (26 to 32 days). (Control group)
Exclusion criteria
✕. Smoking
✕. any hormonal treatment or other drugs to treat anovulation for at least 3 months before the study
✕. Pregnancy or lactation during the preceding 12 months
✕. Systemic disease such as endocrine or eating disorders besides PCOS
✕. Diagnosed with a uterine or ovarian disease.
✕. Any regular medication such as hormones, herbal substance, statins or corticoids for at least 3 months before the study.