Functionally Validated Structural Endpoints for Early AMD

Inclusion Criteria: For those in Normal Macular Health or Early AMD: aged ≥ 60 years; either have normal macular health in both eyes at baseline or have early AMD in one eye For Young Normals: aged 20-30 years old; normal macular health in both eyes. Exclusion Criteria: Exclusion for those in normal macular health are: * ANY EYE CONDITION OR DISEASE IN EITHER EITHER (OTHER THAN EARLY CATARACT) THAT CAN IMPAIR VISION INCLUDING: * diabetic retinopathy * glaucoma * ocular hypertension * history of retinal diseases (e.g., retinal vein occlusion, retinal degenerations) * optic neuritis * corneal disease * previous ocular trauma or surgery * REFRACTIVE ERROR \>- 6 DIOPTERS * NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS THAT CAN IMPAIR VISION OR JUDGEMENT INCLUDING: * multiple sclerosis * Parkinson disease * stroke * Alzheimer disease * seizure disorders * brain tumor * traumatic brain injury * PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS THAT COULD IMPAIR THE ABILITY: * to follow simple directions * answer questions about health and functioning * or to provide informed consent * DIABETES * ANY MEDICAL CONDITION THAT CAUSES SIGNIFICANT FRALITY OR IS BELIEVED TO BE TERMINAL. Exclusion criteria for the early AMD group: These are identical to those described above, except that it is acceptable for participants to have early AMD (AREDS 2-4) in one eye and be AREDS grade 1 or any stage of AMD in the fellow eye. Exclusion for Young Normals: * ANY EYE CONDITION OR DISEASE IN EITHER EYE (OTHER THAN EARLY CATARACT) THAT CAN IM…