Efficacy of Combined Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen Therapy Versus Ibuprofen Alone Versus Placebo Alone for Pain Management

Inclusion Criteria: * scheduled to begin comprehensive orthodontic treatment (banding/bonding of at least 10 teeth in 1 arch and archwire placement in at least 1 arch); * extractions, if required, performed at least 2 weeks before appliance and archwire placement; * healthy with no significant medical findings; * no prophylactic antibiotic coverage required; * currently not taking antibiotics or analgesics; * no contraindications to the use of acetaminophen or ibuprofen; and * minimum age of 12 years Exclusion Criteria: * Under the age of 12 or over the age of 80, * prisoners, * pregnant women, * decisionally challenged individuals, * allergy to either medication, * history of kidney disease, * liver damage or disease, * alcoholism/use of 3 or more alcoholic drinks during study period, * use of blood thinners, * stomach ulcers or * stomach bleeding.