Activation Intervals Effects on Non-surgical Maxillary Expansion in Adults

Inclusion Criteria * Presence of transverse maxillary deficiency unilateral or bilateral in which the maxillary cusps of at least two premolars and/or maxillary molars occluded on the central fossa of the antagonist's teeth * The needs of maxillary expansion for the correction of their malocclusion * Age range from 20 to 35 * Non-gingivitis or untreated caries at the start of orthodontic treatment * Probing depth less than 4mm across the entire dentition * Gingival index ≤ 1 * Plaque index ≤ 1 Exclusion Criteria: * Increased Monson curve * Patients with systemic disease * Patients with congenital anomalies * Medicated patients (long term use of antibiotics, Phenytoin, cyclosporine, anti-inflammatory drugs, systemic corticosteroids, and calcium channel blockers) * Pregnancy * Poor oral hygiene for more than two visits * Radiographic evidence of moderate to severe bone loss * Current periodontal disease * Patients who smoke * Individuals with inadequately treated endodontic problems in the study area.