The guiding scientific premise for this research is that a growth emotion mindset will promote more adaptive emotion processing than a fixed emotion mindset. Because emotional sensitivity is particularly salient in adolescent girls, we will focus on this group. Using an experimental design, adolescent girls will be randomly assigned to either a mindset manipulation or a control group (brain education). Each group will complete a 25-minute computer-based lesson followed by a social stressor and a functional magnetic resonance imaging session. Two specific aims will be addressed: (1) to determine whether a growth mindset induction, relative to a control condition, predicts more adaptive emotion processing at the neural, behavioral, and psychological levels of processing; and (2) to determine whether neural processing of emotion accounts for the effect of a growth emotion mindset manipulation on behavioral and psychological processing of emotion. This study builds on a strong empirical database establishing the effect of mindsets on multiple domains of functioning but will be the first to examine the implications of a growth vs. fixed mindset about emotion for emotion processing in adolescent girls, thereby elucidating one specific youth attribute that can support or disrupt emotional development.
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Mean Change From Pre to Post Mindset Manipulation on Emotion Mindset Scale (Measures Beliefs About Whether Emotions Are Fixed or Malleable)
Timeframe: Pre vs. Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Change From Pre to Post Mindset Manipulation on Emotional Self-efficacy Scale (Measure Beliefs About Ability to Control Emotions)
Timeframe: Pre vs. Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Change From Pre to Post Mindset Manipulation on Emotional Self-efficacy Vignettes (Measure Beliefs About Ability to Control Emotions in Specific Situations)
Timeframe: Pre vs. Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Performance on Go/Nogo Task- Reaction Time
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Performance on Go/Nogo Task- Accuracy
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Emotion Regulation Strategies on the Emotion Regulation Strategy Scale
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Parameter Estimates of BOLD Signal for Amygdala Activation- Social Evaluation Task
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Parameter Estimates of BOLD Signal for Amygdala Activation- Go/No-go Task
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Parameter Estimates of BOLD Signal for Frontal Parietal Network-Amygdala Connectivity- Social Evaluation Task
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Difference in Parameter Estimates of BOLD Signal for Frontal Parietal Network-Amygdala Connectivity- Go/No-go Task
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline
Mean Change on Self-Reported State Negative Affect
Timeframe: Pre-Trier vs. Post-Trier: baseline
Mean Difference on Self-Reported Affect on Social Evaluation Task
Timeframe: Post Mindset Manipulation: baseline