Skeletal muscle quality is an important determinant of exercise performance and overall health. It is vital for not just movement, but also metabolizing nutrients. Protein from the diet can promote muscle protein synthesis for muscle recovery and growth. More importantly, doing so shifts net protein balance positively (e.g. protein synthesis is greater than protein breakdown) and promotes greater rates of muscle protein turnover. Leucine is an amino acid required to build muscle, but it also acts as a signaling molecule informing the muscle to start protein synthesis. Before reaching skeletal muscle, dietary protein is digested into small peptides and free amino acids. Rate of absorption from the intestine to the blood stream is significantly faster for peptides compared to amino acids. As amino acid availability in the blood is a precursor for muscle protein synthesis, our objective is to determine if the different absorption rates between free amino acid and peptides influence muscle protein synthetic and breakdown rates.
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Fractional Synthetic Rate of Mixed Muscle Proteins
Timeframe: Postabsorptive for 3.5 hours, Postprandial for 3 hours.
Fractional Synthetic Rate of Myofibrillar Proteins
Timeframe: Postabsorptive for 3.5 hours, Postprandial for 3 hours.
Fractional Breakdown Rate of Mixed Muscle Proteins
Timeframe: Postprandial for 1 hour