Genetic variability from epigenetic modification of genes related to pain physiology and opioid pharmacodynamics may influence susceptibility to high-impact chronic musculoskeletal pain, opioid efficacy, and vulnerability to opioid abuse. Exploring the role of epigenomics and opioid addiction may improve understanding and treatment of these complex multifactorial conditions and, potentially, reduce their development.
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PROMIS Pain Interference 6b
Timeframe: Baseline
Opioid Risk Tool
Timeframe: Baseline
PROMIS Short Form v1.0-Prescription Pain Medication Misuse
Timeframe: Baseline