The Peer-Based Retention of People Who Use Drugs in Rural Research

Inclusion Criteria: NROI eligibility criteria: Participants are eligible to enroll in the NROI if they 1) live in the study area, 2) have recently injected drugs or report opioid use to get high without injection, and 3) are age 18 or older. NROI participants enrolled after April 2019 are eligible to participate in the PROUD R2 study. Participants enrolling as study buddies will be eligible if they 1) live in the study area, 2) are age 18 or older; they do not need to have recent or past substance use to qualify. No eligible participants are excluded. Exclusion Criteria: Under 18 years of age