This is a prospective, non-randomized, multicenter, observational national study, involving centers with different working shift organizations. Participating centers are 24 French adult intensive care units with different working shift organizations (12-hours shift vs. less than 12-hours shift) in public hospitals. Caregivers (doctors, nurses and assistant nurses) constitute the population of the study. The duration of the study is 13 months. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the working shift organizations on: * The intensive care units operation; * The use of outside staff; * The caregivers' quality of life at work; * The caregivers' satisfaction at work; * The nursing work environment; * Psychosocial and organisational work constraints * The performance of the intensive care units; * The costs and efficiency of the working shift organizations.
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intensive care units operation
Timeframe: during 1 year
Pierre-Yves BLANCHARD, RN, MSN