Intravenous dexmedetomidine is a drug used in reanimation with sedative, anxiolytic and sympatholytic properties. Recent studies showed useful properties for anaesthesia : decrease of morphine consumption after a various type of surgery, sedative effect on patients under regional anaesthesia, prolongation of central or peripheral regional block. Dose-ranging study for intravenous dexmedetomidine showed that 2 µg/kg is an effective dose to prolong interscalene block. This study aims to determine if intravenous dexmedetomidine at 2 µg/kg allows a longer analgesic duration after a quadri-block (femoral, subgluteal sciatic, obturator and alateral cutaneous nerve blocks) with ropivacaine 0.32% for total knee replacement under regional anaesthesia.
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Evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine infusion 2 μg/kg in pre-anesthesia and operative room, on duration of postoperative analgesia after a knee arthroplasty performed under locoregional anesthesia.
Timeframe: 48 hours