Aerobic Exercise and Cerebrovascular Function

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 65-80 who do not regularly exercise * defined as exercising less than 20 minutes twice per week * Are willing and able to cooperate with assessments and interventions * Participant will be quantified at or below the "poor" range for cardiovascular fitness as assessed by a volume of oxygen (VO2) test * 26.0 ml/kg/min for males * 21.0 ml/kg/min for females) * 26 on the MoCA to meet the criteria for cognitively intact * Participants will be free from diseases affecting cognition or that would interfere with their ability to engage in aerobic exercise - including but not limited to: * chronic heart * liver * kidney disease * Free from diseases/injuries directly affecting brain functions - including but not limited to: * significant closed head injury * open intracranial wounds * stroke * epilepsy * degenerative diseases of the nervous system * All subjects will speak English as a primary language and will have at minimum a high school diploma so that behavioral/cognitive measures reflect effects of aging and aerobic exercise and not unfamiliarity with the English language or a lack of education Exclusion Criteria: * Potential participants with major psychiatric disorder - including but not limited to: * psychosis * major depression * bipolar disorder * Individuals with ongoing drug or alcohol abuse and severe hypertension (systolic BP \> 200 or diastolic BP \> 110 mm Hg or subjects taking three or more antihype…