Gut hormones, such as PYY and ghrelin, are associated with appetite control and obesity. Protein is thought to be the most satieting nutrient and could affect production of several gut hormones. This study's objective is to find the effect of breakfast with different protein composition on PYY, ghrelin, and ad libitum intake four hours after breakfast. The research methodology was used a clinical trial with 22 obese women participants. Subjects were given three types of breakfast: low protein consumption (12.4% protein), medium protein (23.5% protein), and high protein (40,6% protein). PYY and ghrelin level were measured at 0, 15, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after breakfast. Ad libitum meal was given four hours after breakfast and measured after.
Age range
20 Years – 40 Years
Sex
FEMALE
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Ghrelin levels at 0 minute
Timeframe: baseline
Ghrelin levels at 15 minute
Timeframe: 15 minutes
Ghrelin levels at 60 minute
Timeframe: 60 minutes
Ghrelin levels at 120 minute
Timeframe: 120 minutes
Ghrelin levels at 180 minute
Timeframe: 180 minutes
PYY levels at 0 minute
Timeframe: baseline
PYY levels at 15 minute
Timeframe: 15 minutes
PYY levels at 60 minute
Timeframe: 60 minutes
PYY levels at 120 minute
Timeframe: 120 minutes
PYY levels at 180 minute
Timeframe: 180 minutes
GLP-1 levels at 0 minute
Timeframe: baseline
GLP-1 levels at 15 minute
Timeframe: 15 minutes
GLP-1 levels at 60 minute
Timeframe: 60 minutes
GLP-1 levels at 120 minute
Timeframe: 120 minutes
GLP-1 levels at 180 minute
Timeframe: 180 minutes
Glucose levels at 0 minute
Timeframe: baseline
Glucose levels at 15 minute
Timeframe: 15 minutes
Glucose levels at 60 minute
Timeframe: 60 minutes
Glucose levels at 120 minute
Timeframe: 120 minutes
Glucose levels at 180 minute
Timeframe: 180 minutes
Ad Libitum intake
Timeframe: 4 hours
VAS for hunger at 0 minutes
Timeframe: baseline
VAS for hunger at 15 minutes
Timeframe: 15 minutes
VAS for hunger at 60 minutes
Timeframe: 60 minutes
VAS for hunger at 120 minutes
Timeframe: 120 minutes
VAS for hunger at 180 minutes
Timeframe: 180 minutes
VAS for satiety at 0 minute
Timeframe: baseline
VAS for satiety at 15 minute
Timeframe: 15 minutes
VAS for satiety at 60 minute
Timeframe: 60 minutes
VAS for satiety at 120 minute
Timeframe: 120 minutes
VAS for satiety at 180 minute
Timeframe: 180 minutes