Effects of Prebiotic Supplementation and Exercise on Inflammatory Markers, Vascular Function and Cognition in CKD

Inclusion Criteria: * stage 3-4 of CKD (GFR 15-59 ml/min/1.73m2), * ages of 30-75 years old, * Must be capable of complying with and following the study protocol(diet and exercise) * Must be capable of independently giving informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * kidney transplant * currently in a structured exercise program * on antibiotic therapy within the last month * On a probiotic or prebiotic supplement within the last month * a GI disorder that prohibits the use of resistant starch (ie. high-amylose corn starch, which resists digestion * HIV positive * gastric by-pass surgery * clostridium difficile * marijuana user * lupus * rheumatoid arthritis * Hepatitis C * Post-traumatic stress disorder * deep vein thrombosis * pancreatitis