Previous studies have proposed various ways to assess scapular dyskinesis, but they were impractical in clinical setting or the validity was questioned. The novel scapulometer we developed can measure the prominence of scapular medial border and inferior angle. We would like to examine its reliability and validity in subjects with symptomatic scapular dyskinesis. The long-term, high-intensity, unilateral loading may cause overhead athletes to develop adaptive changes in shoulder kinematics, range of motion (ROM) and strength in the dominant arm. We hypothesized that these changes may be related to scapular dyskinesis. According to the previous studies, we expect electromyography (EMG) biofeedback training can help improve the ratio of muscle activation of scapular muscle.
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Change of range of motion after 4-week training
Timeframe: Baseline and after 4-week training
Change of muscle strength after 4-week training
Timeframe: Baseline and after 4-week training
Change of shoulder complex kinematics after 4-week training
Timeframe: Baseline and after 4-week training
Change of muscular activities after 4-week training
Timeframe: Baseline and after 4-week training