Study of High Density Lipoprotein Function in Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Nephropathy

Inclusion Criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA GROUP C (CONTROLS) : * age \> 18 years * a person who has given oral consent * Non-diabetics * Fasting plasma glucose \< 6.10 mmol/L (1.1 g/L) * Triglyceridemia \< 1.7 mmol/L (1.5 g/l) * HDL-C concentration \> 1.30 mmol/L (for women and 1.03 mmol/L for men) * Glomerular filtration flow rate \> 90 mL/min/1.73m2 (These thresholds correspond to the standard thresholds for these parameters) INCLUSION CRITERIA GROUP T1D-N (WITH NORMAL ALBUMINURIA) : * age \> 18 years * a person who has given oral consent * Diabetic type 1 (based on the patient's clinical history and/or the presence of anti-glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies and/or plasma C-peptide less than 0.5 ng/l) * HbA1c between 6 and 9%. * normal albuminuria (albumin/creatinine ratio \< 2.5 mg/mmol in men and \< 3.5 in women) * glomerular filtration rate \> 90 mL/min/1.73m2 INCLUSION CRITERIA GROUP T1D-MICRO (WITH MICROALBUMINURIA) * age \> 18 years * a person who has given oral consent * Diabetic type 1 (based on the patient's clinical history and/or the presence of anti-glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies and/or plasma C-peptide less than 0.5 ng/l) * HbA1c between 6 and 9%. * Microalbuminuria (albumin/creatinine ratio \> 2.5 mg/mmol in men and \> 3.5 in women, and \< 30 mg/mmol) * glomerular filtration rate \> 90 mL/min/1.73m2 INCLUSION CRITERIA GROUP T1D-MACRO (WITH MACROALBUMINURIA) * age \> 18 years * a person who has given oral consent * Diabetic type 1 (based on the…