Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma

Inclusion Criteria: * First or second recurrence of previously histologically confirmed glioblastoma (grade 4 astrocytoma) * NOTE: gliosarcomas and other grade 4 astrocytoma variants (e.g., giant cell) may be included, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) variants are excluded; grade 4 oligodendrogliomas or oligoastrocytomas are specifically excluded * Prior craniotomy and gross total or sub-total resection of tumor at this recurrence NOTE: biopsy of this recurrence alone without attempt at resection does not meet this inclusion criteria (i.e. craniotomy and resection is still required). * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0, 1, or 2 * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1500/uL * Monocytes \>= 300/uL * Platelets (PLT) \>= 100,000/uL * Hemoglobin (HgB) \>= 9.0 g/dL * Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) * Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase \[AST\]) =\< 3 x ULN * Creatinine =\< 1.5 x ULN * Negative pregnancy test done =\< 7 days prior to registration, for persons of childbearing potential only * Ability to understand and willingness to sign written informed consent * Willing to return to Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota for follow-up * Willing to provide tissue and blood samples for mandatory correlative research purposes * Fixed or decreasing dose of corticosteroids (or no corticosteroids) \>= 7 days prior to registration Exclusion Criteria: * Prior treatment * Current or pr…