Soft Tissue Width and Abutment Height Influence Peri-implant Bone Resorption

General inclusion criteria were: * age\>18 years; * good general health; * non smokers; * absence of systemic diseases affecting bone metabolism and wound healing; - no regular medication consumption for at least 3 months prior to treatment; - patient willing and fully capable to comply with the study protocol; * written informed consent given. Local inclusion criteria were: * presence of keratinized mucosa with a minimum bucco-lingual width of 3 mm; - bone crest with at least 6 mm of width and 9 mm of height above the mandibular canal, without concomitant or previous bone augmentation procedures; * presence of the opposing dentition. Exclusion criteria were: * history of head or neck radiation therapy; * uncontrolled diabetes (HBA1c \>7.5%); * active infections; * immunocompromised patients (HIV infection or chemotherapy within the past 5 years); * present or past treatment with intravenous bisphosphonates; * patient pregnancy or lactating at any time during the study; * poor oral hygiene and motivation; * untreated periodontal disease; * psychological or psychiatric problems; * alcohol or drugs abuse; * participating in other studies, if the present protocol could not be properly followed; * lack of implant primary stability.