Ciliation and Mucus Rheology Parameters Determined Via Air-liquid-interface Cell Cultures in Non-smoking, Smoking, COPD and Asthmatic Patients

Inclusion criteria for non smoking controls: * The subject has given free and informed consent and signed the consent form * The subject is affiliated with or beneficiary of a medical insurance program * The subject has never smoked * No obstructive breathing disorder (forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) \>70% of predicted value; the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) is \> 0.7) * No known respiratory disease Inclusion criteria for smokers without COPD: * The subject has given free and informed consent and signed the consent form * The subject is affiliated with or beneficiary of a medical insurance program * Smoker or former smoker (\>= 30 pack years) * No obstructive breathing disorder (forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) \>70% of predicted value; the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) is \> 0.7) Inclusion criteria for smokers with COPD: * The subject has given free and informed consent and signed the consent form * The subject is affiliated with or beneficiary of a medical insurance program * Smoker or former smoker (\>= 30 pack years) * Subject presenting with COPD: FEV1/FVC \< 0.7 (based on spirometry values in the medical file and performed in the 3 months prior to inclusion) * The subject requires bronchial fibroscopy (decision made by pneumologist) * COPD of grade "2" or "3" according to GOLD criteria (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) Inclusion criteria for subjects with severe asthma: * T…