A New Approach to Vision Therapy Based on Naturalistic 3-D Computer Gaming

Inclusion Criteria (Amblyopia Arms): * Age 4 to 18 (inclusive); * Diagnosis of amblyopia associated with anisometropia; * No amblyopia treatment (atropine, patching, vision therapy) in the past two weeks; * Spectacles (if required) worn for at least 16 weeks, or demonstrated stability of visual acuity (\< 0.1 logMAR change by the same testing method measured on two exams at least four weeks apart); * Visual acuity in the amblyopic eye of 20/40 or worse; * Visual acuity in the fellow eye of 20/25 or better; * Interocular difference ≥ 0.3 logMAR (3 logMAR chart lines); * No myopia greater than -6.00D spherical equivalent in either eye; * Demonstrate in-office ability to play the iCare training game under binocular condition Exclusion Criteria (Amblyopia Arms): * Prism in the refractive correction at time of enrollment; * Previous intraocular or refractive surgery; * Any treatment for amblyopia in the past two weeks; * Down syndrome or cerebral palsy or other severe developmental delay that would interfere with treatment or evaluation; * Heterotropia or heterophoria with a total ocular deviation \> 10∆ at near. Inclusion Criteria (CI Arms): * Best-corrected visual acuity of ≥ 20/25 in each eye at distance and near; * Exophoria at near at least 4∆ greater than at distance; * Reduced positive fusional convergence at near (\< 20∆ or fails Sheard's criterion that the PFV measures less than twice the magnitude of the near phoria); * Near point of convergence of ≥ 6 cm break; * C…