There are an increase number of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) such as pacemakers (PM) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) worldwide. The current medical practice guidelines warn on performing bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in this group of patients to avoid any electromagnetic interference. These recommendations restrict the use of BIA in many patients with heart failure in whom BIA might be of great interest in detecting peripheral congestion and in guidance of treatment. However, it is not well known whether BIA can affect the function of cardiac devices. Investigators aimed to test the incidence of electromagnetic interference between BIA and CIEDs.
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Assessing a change in CIEDs function while and after bioimpedance analysis
Timeframe: at 6 months