Enterovirus 71 (EV71), a major pathogen causing hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) worldwide, is a member of the Human Enterovirus species A, family Picornaviridae. Its infection occasionally leads to severe diseases and death, with central nervous system (CNS) damage. An inactivated EV71 vaccine (Human Diploid cell, KMB-17 Cell) has been finished phase I, II and III clinical trials and licensed by CFDA in China at Dec. 3, 2015. Based on the results of clinical trials, the protective efficacy of inactivated EV71 vaccine is 97% against HFMD caused by EV71. The target population is determined to be susceptible children aged 6 to 71 months; this target population is well known as a major global population with strict requirements for safety and efficacy of vaccines in implementing the World Health Organization (WHO) Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) . Thus, it is necessary and significant to conduct a postmarketing phase IV trial in large populations for long-term observation to evaluate the distinctive effectiveness and to identify potential safety issues . This study is an open-label and controlled postmarketing phase IV trial on children aged 6-71 months who resided in 3 districts of Xiangyang City, Hubei Province, China.
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The effectiveness of inactivated EV71 vaccine in preventing hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) caused by Enterovirus 71 (EV71) in large scale population of Chinese children (from 6 to 71 months old) in Hubei Province, China.
Timeframe: Up to 14 months from twenty-eight days p.i.of the 2nd vaccination dose