The objective of the present study is to compare the effects of liquid or solid state of food on glycaemia, lipaemia and insulinaemia. 25 participants aged between 21 and 45 years will be recruited from the general public in Singapore. Fingerpricks and cannulation may cause minor discomfort and there may be some slight bruising around the site. Fingerpricks and cannulation will be done by an experienced research nurse or a trained research officer to minimize participant discomfort. If bruising does occur, it should disappear within one day and it should not affect participants' regular daily activity. Participants will be limited to a maximum of one test per week. In addition, blood collection will be carried out in a sterile designated area and thus the risk of infection will be very low. On rare occasions, participants may feel unwell during or after the testing session. We have several metabolic suites with beds for these individuals to rest on. The research nurse and research officers will monitor the individuals' condition and they will be provided with a ride home if required. All the study foods will be prepared in a hygienic manner in a purpose-built research kitchen maintained to the highest hygiene standards. The research staff has undergone basic training in food hygiene procedures. Hence, the risk of infective acute gastroenteritis will be minimal. Participants will be provided with some snacks at the end of each testing session. They will also be reimbursed to compensate for their time and costs associated with travel and parking at the completion of the study. In addition, participants will be provided with their blood glucose, blood pressure, and body composition results, with a brief interpretation of these at the conclusion of the study.
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Change in postprandial blood glucose over 180 minutes period
Timeframe: 180 minutes
Change in postprandial serum triglyceride over 360 minutes period
Timeframe: 360 minutes
Change in postprandial serum glucose over 360 minutes period
Timeframe: 360 minutes