In this investigation the investigators utilized N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation to enhance reduced glutathione (GSH) stores during an 8-day recovery period from a strenuous eccentric exercise protocol in order to test the hypotheses: i) redox status perturbations in skeletal muscle are pivotal for the immune responses and ii) antioxidant supplementation may alter immune cell responses following exercise-induced muscle microtrauma.
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Changes in protein carbonyls in red blood cells
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in red blood cells
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in total antioxidant capacity in serum
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in reduced glutathione in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in oxidized glutathione in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in catalase activity in red blood cells
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in creatine kinase activity in serum
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in high sensitivity C-reactive protein in serum
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, 1 day post-exercise, 2 days post-exercise, 3 days post-exercise
Changes in white blood cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in adhesion molecule concentration in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, 1 day post-exercise, 2 days post-exercise, 3 days post-exercise
Changes in cytokine concentration in serum
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, 1 day post-exercise, 2 days post-exercise, 3 days post-exercise, 8 days post-exercise
Changes in neutrophil count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in lymphocyte count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in monocyte count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in basophil count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in eosinophil count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in T-helper cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in T cytotoxic cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in natural killer-T (NK-T) cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in 62L macrophage count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in B lympho cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in natural killer (NK) cell count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in macrophage count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in HLA+/Macr+ macrophage count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise
Changes in 11B+ macrophage count in blood
Timeframe: Pre-exercise, 2 hours post-exercise, daily for 8 consecutive days post-exercise