Objective: To document the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle fibrosis in congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) infants with quantified echotexture and measured thickness during the treatment course. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Rehabilitation department in a tertiary care hospital. Participants: Infants with clinical diagnosis of CMT, without any neurological presentation, cervical spin abnormality, and developmental dysplastic hip problem, were recruited in the study. Intervention: All subjects had physiotherapy for at least 3 months. They underwent at least two times of clinical assessment and ultrasonographic examination (1) for bilateral SCM muscles during the follow-up period. End of follow-up: Subjects who still had prominent clinical presentations after physiotherapy for 6 months or were older than 1 year would receive surgery. Subsided presenting clinical features determined by the clinician was the other end-point of this investigation. Main Outcome Measures: The K value, derived from the difference of echo intensities (2) between the involved and uninvolved SCM muscles on longitudinal sonograms, was used to represent the severity of muscle fibrosis in CMT infants. Bilateral SCM muscle thickness and involved-to-uninvolved thickness ratio (Ratio I/U) were also obtained from longitudinal sonograms. Clinical outcome was also recorded.
Age range
1 Month – 12 Months
Sex
ALL
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K value
Timeframe: 3 years
Muscle thickness in cm
Timeframe: 3 years
Ratio I/U (involved-to-uninvolved muscle thickness ratio)
Timeframe: 3 years
Age in month
Timeframe: 3 years
Times of ultrasonographic examinations
Timeframe: 3 years
Body weight in kg
Timeframe: 3 years
Body length in cm
Timeframe: 3 years