Scalp Block Versus Scalp Infiltration With Dexmedetomidine and Local Anesthetic for Post Craniotomy Pain

Inclusion Criteria: * Neurosurgical patients * 18-70 years of age * ASA class I and II * Patients undergoing elective craniotomy, who were conscious and oriented to time, person and place and able to understand and use Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Exclusion Criteria: * Patient dull and irritable * GCS \<15 * Craniotomy incision extending beyond scalp (the field of the block) e.g. craniofacial surgery * Patients treated chronically with analgesics or narcotic medications * Allergy to local anaesthetics or dexmedetomedine * Patients planned for post-operative mechanical ventilation Following patients were excluded from the study during collection of data in the postoperative period:- * Patients developing fever (≥39°C) in the postoperative period * Requiring postoperative ventilation (unplanned) * Having poor cognitive function at 1 hour postoperative period * GCS \<15 in post-operative period.