A Study of Epoetin Beta (NeoRecormon) in Anemic Participants With Diabetes and Chronic Renal Failure Who Are Not on Dialysis

Inclusion Criteria: * Type 1 or 2 diabetes * Chronic renal failure (stage 2 to stage 5) defined by Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) less than (\<) 90 milliliter per minute per 1.73 square meter (mL/min/1.73 m\^2) * Anemia related to chronic kidney disease and requiring treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) (2 values of hemoglobin less than or equal to 11 gram per deciliter \[g/dL\] during the 3 months prior to inclusion), and hemoglobin greater than 8 g/dL Exclusion Criteria: * Anemia due to a non-renal cause * Poorly controlled hypertension * Treatment with an erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) within 3 months prior to the study * Planned dialysis in next 3 months or organ transplant * History of cancer except for basal cell cancer and cervical cancer in situ