Kangaroo Mother Care Before Stabilisation Amongst Low Birth Weight Neonates in Africa

Inclusion criteria * Liveborn at Jinja Hospital, Masaka Hospital, Entebbe Hospital, or Iganga Hospital * Singleton or twin pregnancy * Birthweight ≥700g and ≤2000g * Chronological age 1-48 hours at time of screening * Alive at time of recruitment * Parent/caregiver able and willing to provide KMC * Parent/caregiver willing to attend follow-up visit * Indication for KMC "uncertain" according to WHO guideline concerning clinical stability: pragmatically defined as receiving ≥1 therapy: oxygen, CPAP, IV fluids, therapeutic antibiotics, phenobarbital Exclusion criteria * Outborn * Result of triplet or higher order multifetal pregnancy * Indication for KMC "certain" according to WHO guidelines: pragmatically defined as clinically well neonates receiving none of the above therapy-based criteria * Severely life-threatening instability defined as SpO2 \<88% in oxygen AND ≥1 of: * Respiratory rate \<20 or \>100 breaths/min * Apnoea requiring bag-mask ventilation * HR \<100 or \>200 bpm * Severe jaundice requiring immediate management * Active neonatal seizures * Major congenital malformation * Parent does not provide written informed consent to participate in trial * Mother or neonate enrolled in another MRC/UVRI research project