Comparison of Medical Results of Testicular Sperm Extraction by Conventional Surgery and Microsurgical Track

Inclusion Criteria: * 2 consecutive spermograms (with ±3 months interval) confirming absence of sperm (azoospermia) * diagnosis of non-obstructive azoospermia on the basis of a complete history, physical examination, endocrine profile, ultrasound and chromosomal analysis Exclusion Criteria: * History of previous testicular surgery, except orchiopexy for undescended testis. * Monochordy * Ultrasound revealed testicular nodule * Y chromosome microdeletions type AZFa and b.