Safety and Efficacy of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Informed signed consent must be obtained by a legally authorized representative. * Must be undergoing an elective surgical repair or palliation of a cardiac defect with the use of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine. * Must be clinically stable at the time of evaluation for eligibility and on the day of randomization. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who carry a diagnosis of a bleeding disorder. * Patients who have an abnormal coagulation profile as evidenced by a preoperative coagulation screen. * Patients who have received a blood transfusion in the preceding 120 days. * Patients who have a diagnosis of a chromosomal abnormality. * Patients whose participation in the study is deemed unsafe by their primary care team.