the Efficiency of Thalidomide for Recurrent Small Intestinal Bleeding Due to Gastrointestinal Vascular Malformation

Exclusion criteria

• . Subjects with esophageal varices from cirrhosis of the liver; those with uncontrolled hypertension or hyperglycemia (or diabetics who are being treated with insulin), or those with severe heart (e.g., uncontrolled angina pectoris and / or myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, etc.), respiratory failure, or renal failure with creatinine (Cr) or blood urea nitrogen (BUN) \> 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), pancreatic or hepatic disease with abnormal hepatic function with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or total bilirubin (TBil) \> 2 times ULN 3 months before the enrollment, or those with any other diseases that are not suitable for the study as judged by the Investigator;
• . Subjects with a history of severe peripheral neuropathy or seizures, or a history of thromboembolic disease;
• . Subjects who need to continuously use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, acetylsalicylic acid preparations, or Chinese herbal medicines containing ginkgo and echinacea; or those who need to receive other anti-angiogenic drugs for a long time;
• . Subjects with white blood cell counts persistently \<3.5 \* 10\^9 / L;
• . Subjects with a history of small bowel resection;
• . Subjects known or suspected to be allergic to any component of thalidomide；
• . Subjects with severe gastrointestinal bleeding that is life-threatening and requires immediate surgical treatment;
• . Subjects who have previously received thalidomide for gastrointestinal bleeding 30 days before the enrollment;