Expulsion of Immediate Postplacental Copper Intrauterine Devices at Six Months: A Prospective Cohort Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult woman age 18 years or more * Pregnant, 24 weeks 0 days gestation or more OR who have had a delivery at 34 weeks 0 days gestation or more * Anticipating a delivery at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania * Desiring an immediate postplacental TCu380A IUD, OR who have given birth and received an immediate postplacental TCu380A IUD * Able and willing to give consent in English * Willing to follow up 6 months after delivery Exclusion Criteria: * Allergy or contraindication to TCu380A * Known cervical cancer or carcinoma in situ * History of undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding prior to pregnancy * Unwilling to follow up in the six months following delivery will be excluded Additional exclusion criteria apply after delivery: * Preterm delivery (33 weeks 6 days gestation or less at birth) * Clinical diagnosis of chorioamnionitis or treatment for presumed chorioamnionitis * No longer desiring immediate postplacental TCu380A placement * Subjects aged less than 18 years * Men are excluded by the nature of this women's health research.