The Incidence and Incubation Period of False Positive Cultures in Shoulder Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients undergoing primary open and arthroscopic shoulder surgery in which there is a clear diagnosis of a mechanical problem that is felt to be amenable to surgical intervention and there is no suspicion of infection. Examples include, but are not limited to: rotator cuff tear, labral tear, instability, impingement, and osteoarthritis. Exclusion Criteria: * Prior shoulder surgery * Prior glenohumeral injection within the last 6 months * Systemic or shoulder inflammatory disorder * Any clinical, imaging, or laboratory findings that raise suspicion of infection * Minors * Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) \>15 mm/hr for males less than 50 years old, \>20 mm/hr for males greater than 50 years old and females less than 50 years old, and \>30 mm/hr for females greater than 50 years old * C reactive protein (CRP) \>1 mg/d, * Procalcitonin (PCT) \>0.05 ng/ml.